“The land is not only an object of struggle between the classes, between rich and poor; it defines their very existence and the separation between them.” Fredric Jameson NLR Mar/April 2015
Machine Space re-imagines city of Detroit as a landscape of finance capital. The film explores the uneven geography within the city limits, tracing historic red-lining boundaries in this extreme post-fordist, neoliberal space.
Machine Space is informed by the writing of Lefebvre on cities, space and social reproduction and questions the relationship between the urban form of this city and it's residents. PhD by practice, University of Kent, 2015
Home Owners Loan Corporation Residential Security Map traced on a contemporary Detroit.
Applicants residing in the red areas could refused housing finance because of this system until the 1970s
Home Owners Loan Corporation Residential Security Map for Detroit - 1939 
William Bunge and Detroit Expedition diagram of financial flows relating to space in Detroit 1968